The Effects Of Poverty On Children s Mental Health Essay

This article examines the effect of poverty on children’s mental health by studying the relationship between children’s’ family histories of poverty and children’s mental health. The research is conducted by using the data from the Children of National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth data set (1986, 1988, 1990). McLeod and Shanahan are interested in finding out the relationship between poverty histories and children’s mental health trajectories. They concluded that poverty has effects on children’s mental health and it continues to affect them as they grow older. Political debates about welfare reforms are based on the poor adults, however, McLeod and Shanahan proves the importance of including children’s experience in the policy decisions. â€Å"In fate of poor children is ignored in political discussions of welfare reform, the future costs to society will be high† (McLeod and Shanahan, 1996) Findings Children who have socioeconomically disadvantaged families have more risk of developing mental illness. In other words, poor children have more mental problems than wealthy children. There are three theories that McLeod and Shanahan studied about the relationship between poverty histories and children s mental health trajectories. First hypothesis they tested â€Å"children s mental health problems may remain at a stable, high level even when economic circumstances improve†. Second hypothesis is that â€Å"children whose poverty continues into the future may experience stable or increasingShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Poverty On Children1553 Words   |  7 PagesHow Poverty Effects Children Makayla Ray University of Alabama in Birmingham Abstract This literature review of twelve previously published research articles has focused on summarizing some of the effects of poverty on children. The selected articles all focused on the major effect of poverty on children, and were sorted into four sub-categories or themes based upon a specific focus areas of this complex and not yet fully understood issue. These themes included developmental, educationalRead MoreEffects Of Poverty On Children1554 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Poverty on Children Makayla Ray University of Alabama in Birmingham Abstract This literature review of twelve previously published research articles has focused on summarizing some of the effects of poverty on children. The selected articles all focused on the major effect of poverty on children, and were sorted into four sub-categories or themes based upon a specific focus areas of this complex and not yet fully understood issue. These themes included developmental, educationalRead MoreChild Poverty And Its Effects On Children1123 Words   |  5 PagesChild Poverty in Canada Grace Abbott once said, â€Å"Child labor and poverty are inevitably bound together and if you continue to use the labor of children as the treatment for the social disease of poverty, you will have both poverty and child labor to the end of time.† Child poverty is one of the biggest issues facing Canadian children today. Child poverty can significantly shorten a child’s life. One of the major reasons child poverty in Canada is so high is because of low wages. These children haveRead MoreChild Poverty And Its Effects On Children s Adjustment1473 Words   |  6 PagesChild poverty is a major issue in the United States. Poverty can be associated with violence, abuse, malnutrition, problems with learning ability and school achievement and inadequate healthcare, which can negatively affect the developmental process of a child. Poverty indirectly impacts children’s adjustment and the ability to successfully adapt in the environment. This can affect the health of chil dren and lead to psychological disorders. While it seems impossible to completely eliminate childhoodRead MoreChildren s Mental Health Problems Essay1173 Words   |  5 Pageslikelihood that children will experience mental health problems are known as risk factors. Some of the inï ¬â€šuences include children’s physical, social and emotional development, family circumstances, sense of belonging to school, and access to resources and support services. The idea that certain risk factors make it more likely that children will experience poor mental health is based on research ï ¬ ndings that show how frequently, and under what conditions, children’s mental health difï ¬ culties occurRead More The Constraints of Poverty Essay901 Words   |  4 PagesThe constraints of poverty can cause a cycle of poor mental and physical heath (Dittmann, 2003). Poverty causes many problems for the people facing it up front everyday. Not only do they go without many necessities, they also face a tremendous amount of stress all the time. The amount of stress combined with the lack of necessities produces extreme health problems. Poor people have to deal with an unhealthy living environment that creates serious mental and physical health problems. EconomicRead MoreEffects of Poverty on Children: Literature Review Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch articles has focused on summarizing some of the effects of poverty on children. The selected articles all focused on the major effect of poverty on children, and were sorted into four sub-categories or themes based upon a specific focus areas of this complex and not yet fully understood issue. These themes included developmental, educational outcomes, health, and parenting effects, and how they were impacted by children living in poverty. Impact on Development The developmental theme includedRead MoreThe Psychological Effects From Living In Poverty. â€Å"The1510 Words   |  7 Pages The Psychological Effects from Living in Poverty â€Å"The World Health Organization has declared poverty the single largest determinant of health for both adults and children† (Jakovljevi, 2016, p.455). Recent studies report that many children are living in poverty all across the world. These children are facing many obstacles as a result. These barriers range from lack of money or resources, nutritional foods, and suitable housing. Additionally, these children have a hard time focusing in school becauseRead MoreMental Health Policies for Children Living in Poverty Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesMental Health is a common topic in all agenda’s in the United States. It is currently looked at broadly across all segments of health; in fact, over the years there have been multiple approaches to addressing the needs of the population affected by lack of mental health or that have prominent mental health disorders. Over the past century the United States has been especially concerned about the mental health problems of our children and youth (Tuma, 1989). Worldwide 10-20% of children and adolescentsRead MoreEffects Of Low Socioeconomic Status On Mental Health1440 Words   |  6 Pageslinked socioeconomic status to mental health, especially in children and adolescents. Low poverty levels have been specifically identified as a key causal factor in developing mental health problems in children. There has been much discussion over the different theories as to why this is the case, but only two of these theories seem to hold a lot of evidence. Certain interventions and preventative measures can be employed in order to improve an individual’s mental health by altering socioeconomic status

Global Warming Essay - 2543 Words

Global Warming is an increase in the average temperature around the world. Scientists have been able to trace the global climate and concluded that over the last ten thousand years, the climate of the earth has been relatively constant. In the twentieth century, the global temperature increased 0.740 °C. The change in the warming, and cooling, of average global temperatures cause climate change, a change related to climate patterns such as temperatures, rainfall, wind and humidity. This flux in temperature is affected by multiple factors making it hard to determine the true source of problem. Evidence supports that the earths warming is natural; however, some data indicates that the warming trend has increased due to human activity.†¦show more content†¦This fact suggests that human activity around the world is increasing the release of carbon dioxide (Worldwatch Institute 54). Since cars and trucks emit CO2 when they run, their use by humans has caused an increase in CO2 emissions. Another leading greenhouse gas is methane. Methane is produced in landfills by the decomposition of materials. Large farm animals and their waste also emit notable amounts of CO2. Since large farm animals are bread by humans for our own consumption, our habits of eating so much meat can be blamed for a large amount of CO2 emissions. Scientists are also concerned that climate change has caused a significant depletion in the ozone layer, which protects our planet. Emissions of greenhouse gasses cause the ozone to deplete which can also damage the earth. The earths atmosphere is a connected system. Scientists believe that global warming is also related to ozone depletion. There is evidence that the climate change on our planet has contributed to the thinning of the protective ozone layer (2010 Union of Concerned Scientists). Global warming and the ozone hole have been believed that it could be related to human activities, activities that have changed the earths atmosphere by releasing gases. Ozone depletion happens when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), found in aerosol spray cans and refrigerator units, are released into the earthsShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And The Warming1544 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming has become a well conversed topic among scientists and peoples in the world today. There are extremists who do everything possible to stop contributing to the warming, but the average person does little to alleviate the issue and in many cases refuses to acknowledge that there is a problem at all. Dating back to millions of y ears ago, even before humanity was born, the world has always experienced one form or another of warming; so the warming seen today is not as bizarre as many mayRead MoreGlobal Warming And The Warming1353 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming With it being the presidential election season the talk of global warming, also known as climate change has come up in conversation more. But should it be associated with whether you are republican or democrat? Global warming should not be rather you â€Å"believe† in because it is a stated fact. The definition by Oxford Dictionary declares that global warming is a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect causedRead MoreThe Warming And Global Warming1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Warming World Around Us The world is warming and we cannot deny it, the longer we deny the larger the problem it will become. Global warming is affecting the world economy, the overall health of the population, and most importantly the environment that surrounds us. Ignoring this problem will not just make it suddenly disappear; the world has to make an effort to stop it while it can still be maintained. Accepting the fact that it is happening is just the first step, the next step is takingRead MoreGlobal Warming1677 Words   |  7 PagesThrough the eyes of most scientists, global warming is seen as a very serious and severe threat. The actions taken by humans, such as industry and consumption of fossil fuels plus the increase in population and agriculture have played a big part in global warming. If something is not done soon the results could be very bad. By the middle of the twenty first century, there is evidence that the Earth will be warmer than it has been at any time in human history, and quite possibly since theRead MoreGlobal Warming1410 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal warming was first mentioned by ‘Svante August Arrhenius in 1896’, but in ‘1753, Joseph Black discovered carbon dioxide’ and in ‘1827, Jean-Batiste Fourier suggested that atmospheric effect kept the earth warmer than it would otherwise be’, (Direct.gov. n.d. A history of climate change). Since this time, reports, and study have be done with graphs to show the impact of global warming and what could happen to our planet. In 1979, the first conference was held this was called ‘International climateRead MoreGlobal Warming1245 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming The major threat of today’s world is global warming. Due to various reasons global warming turns out to be a serious issue in the last few years. Today people believe in global warming while this concept was not so much believed and people interpreted in some other meanings what was happening in the past. Global warming is amplification in the temperature of earth because of industrial pollution, fossil fuels, and agricultural practices caused by human being, other and natural gasRead Moreglobal warming1539 Words   |  7 Pagesof global climate over long periods of time. Climate model projections made by the US Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) show that, recently, global temperature has increased. This increase in temperature is referred to as global warming. One of the main causes of global warming is greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorb solar radiation to keep the planet warm. These gases have increased, so more solar radiation is trapped inside raising global temperaturesRead MoreGlobal Warming1316 Words   |  6 PagesControversy over Global Warming One of the largest argued topics in our world today is over global warming. People argue that is real, and others argue that it is fake. The effects of global warming create a growing danger for the ecosystem we live in by damaging glaciers and weather patterns. Humans contribute to global warming yet non-believers will think otherwise. Global warming is the greatest challenge facing our planet. According to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change) mostRead MoreGlobal Warming1050 Words   |  5 PagesTake a position: Global warming is a real problem. 1000 word Essay. Using persuasive technique Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth’s surface. Since the late 1800’s, the global average temperature has increased about 0.7 to 1.4 degrees F (0.4 to 0.8degree C). Climate change is happening and its effects are real. However, the larger the change in climate, the more negative the consequences will become. Global warming will make life harder for mostRead MoreGlobal Warming1192 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming Essay Global warming is an important issue for humans to consider and science to figure out. Personally I don’t care very much about global warming and have never been active in green movements. The evidence presented in this class is very informative and useful when taking into account the numerous known and unknown causes and cures for global warming. However, my attitude towards global warming is unchanged. According to the Common Attitudes Toward Global Warming handout I think

Dbq Red Three Free Essays

Red Three: Notes for the Strict/Broad Construction With respect to the federal Constitution, the Jeffersonian Republicans are usually characterized as strict constructionists who were opposed to the broad constructionism of the Federalists. To what extent was this characterization of the two parties accurate during the presidencies of Jefferson and Madison? Document A: Identify who and when: Jefferson, 1800 What does this tell you? Strict constructionist, during Adams’ presidency What outside information/events does this refer to? Constitution gives states’ power, anything that goes to the states, independence – states. What is this event about? Election of 1800. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq Red Three or any similar topic only for you Order Now Democratic Republicans to keep majority in legislative branch: What does this document say? Relies on the Constitution as the best structure of the government. Strict Document B: Identify who and when Jefferson to Miller (a minister) 1808 What does this tell you? End of Jefferson 2nd term, Madison to be president What outside information/events does this refer to? Separation of church and state. What is this event about? The presidents before him had asked people to fast for a day, this precedence is over What does this document say? The president is not allowed to make any decisions that require the government to make religious choices for the people. Document C: Identify who and when Anderson cartoon, 1808 What does this tell you? Embargo Act 1807 (Ograbme backwards) What outside information/events does this refer to? Signed by Jefferson – stopped all trade between America and all countries. Goal was to get France and GB to restricting US trade, eliminate GB’s higher quality of production so that the US would have more power. Drew GB and US into War. What is this event about? What does this document say? Turtle is the Embargo Act (stepping on the act), person is trying to trade Superfine tobacco with GB. By biting him in the butt, holding him back. Document D: Identify who and when Daniel Webster, New Hampshire Federalist – Conscription Bill a draft for soldiers (1814) What does this tell you? What outside information/events does this refer to? A draft What is this event about? Recruiting soldiers for the War of 1812 What does this document say? Madison – was loose in interpretation because he found this necessary. Loose Document E: Identify who and when Hartford Convention, 1814 What does this tell you? New Englanders who were looking to amend the Constitution to give congress less power and states more power. What outside information/events does this refer to? end of the War of 1812. What is this event about? What does this document say? States to adopt these changes to the constitution. 2: No new state can be added, #3: Congress can’t lay an embargo, #4: Congress can’t regulated trade without 2/3 of Congress. Were these passed, yes, by the Hartford Convention. Added to the Constitution, no. Document F: Identify who and when, John Randolph, 1816, proposed tariff a. What does this tell you? D/R Madison is president, is turning into old Federalism – Federalists are generally in NE What outside in formation/events does this refer to? manufacturers are in NE and house the factories that the south depend on. Now that the Hartford Convention has threatened to secede from the nation, Madison must keep the country together. To do so, he offers an incentive. What is this event about? What does this document say? Loose! Document G: Identify who and when, Jefferson, 186 (way after his presidency) What does this tell you? While he is not in power, he reflects on the current political state. What outside information/events does this refer to? What is this event about? What does this document say? Government must change with the changing times. Therefore a strict reading of the constitution is not always the best idea. Loose Document H: Identify who and when, Madison, 1817, final year of his 2nd term What does this tell you? What outside information/events does this refer to? Madison has just used his executive privilege of veto. He vetoed an internal improvement bill (to make roads and bridges better between states) What is this event about? While bridges and roads that connect states may be important, it is not directly written into the Constitution, therefore left to the states to deal with. It is because of this that he cannot sign the bill. VERY Strict! How to cite Dbq Red Three, Papers

Men, what are we Essay Example For Students

Men, what are we Essay Men, what are we?Men, is described as a mammal, a vertebrates. Rabbit, cow, are also mammals but they follow a rule. They exist with the ecosystem in a unique balance, food web that is determined from producers to 1st order consumer, to 2nd . 1st orders being the herbivore like rabbit. 2nd the predators, fox. Because of the food web the population of a species are well balanced. They now how and when to stop, in growth of a population. But men deny the term mammal. We cry havoc into the world of order and destroy anything that gets in our way. We seek riches and high society. We burn forest after forest, crippling the land once rich, and full of life. Just to produce paper when it can be harvested using hash. To use the land for cattle for 3 year when it could of lived till end of the world it self. What are we? Over the history of time there is the losers and the winners. There have been wars, hatred of different colors of skin. This kind of behavior is seen in the apes, they fight to keep their stasis, show cruelty to others. But they never kill there own. They throw them into exile for a month and they can be reentered into the family. The ape (gorillas) is trying to survive and give the best gene to the next line of youth. We also do that. But that doesnt explain the cruel behavior to unusual people. We are developed mostly with love, from our families and we hate. We all went though when we were bugged, and battered. Yet, when the time comes and the table has turned to another, we join and show cruelty. There is no animal that behaves like us. Men are trying to survive to, get good job, and give the beast for family. In nature more likely then less there is a born instinct, instinct to eat, run, and swim up the river when time to lay eggs, and instinct to kill. No matter what there is an individual whom lived in a good family, good life, had all wanted and more. Loving family, and friends. Who become killers for fun, mantle maybe. But most are described as natural born killer. The fact of natural born killer is still deviated, wither the gene can carry a killer, to they are good people but the nurture was bad. Virus infests and destroys the cell, and uses the energy to reproduce it self. Men can be seen as a virus evil entity that sucks the life. We can be also seen as a parasite, parasite will live long, as there is a host. Some time there is a good relationship between the host and the parasite. We are the parasite and the world is the host, or if you are religious. It can be seen as we are the parasites and the host is God. Men, in todays society is the cancer that surfercates the world. Unless we as a society change humanity will being the death of the world.

The Economic Downturns Of The Great Depression Contributed To The Coun

The economic downturns of the Great Depression contributed to the county's fascination with gangster genres. As Americans lost their jobs or saw their farms foreclosed on by the once admired establishment or banking system; with public endorsement gangsters descended in spirit from America's frontier outlaws such as the James Gang, and led by desperadoes like Pretty Boy Floyd, Baby Face Nelson, and Machine Gun Kelly--rose up to assault the system. Because of Prohibition, the Great Depression and World War II, gangsters became the modern gunslingers and outlaws. The gangster saga replaced the Western as the American myth. It told the story of modern America. Young Americans enjoyed watching gangster films during the 1930s. Before President Roosevelt's New Deal, gangsters were without doubt the American cinema's most striking heroes. The film industry's love affair with members of criminal gangs was only natural, they were colorful, violent, and charismatic men and women whose law-breaking activities were followed by millions of law abiding Americans. But when brought to the screen, gangster films more than any other Hollywood genre created problems not only for the usual censorship lobbies but also for judges, lawyers, teachers, policemen, mayors, newspapers, and local councilors. Many respectable citizens believed that gangster films based on the lives and activities of Prohibition-era criminals, led to an increase in juvenile delinquency and accused Hollywood of delivering impressionable youth into a career of crime. The harmful effects of fast-moving and exciting gangster films on young cinema patrons thus became a prominent concern of those eager to control and censor this pervasive new mass medium. After a series of sex scandals rocked the American film industry, in 1922 Hollywood's Jewish moguls hired a midwestern Presbyterian gentleman and influential Republican William Harrison Hays, former Postmaster General in President Warren Harding's cabinet, as their front man to clean up the image of the movies. The industry's self-monitoring Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America Inc. (MPPDA) or Hays office in Los Angeles tried a variety of ways to regulate films before adopting a formal code. Written in 1930 by two mid-western Catholics, a Jesuit professor of drama in St. Louis and a lay publisher of trade magazines; the new Motion Picture Code stipulated partly in reaction to the increasing popularity of gangster films, that movies stress proper behavior, respect for government, and Christian values. The Hays Code was made mandatory in 1934, and began with an attack on what was seen as a general tone of lawlessness and on depicting specific criminal methods in recent gangster movies. Criminal acts were "never to be presented in such a way as to throw sympathy with the crime as against law and justice or to inspire others with a desire for imitation." Murder must be presented in a manner that "will not inspire imitation" and "revenge in modern times shall not be justified." Methods of crime such as theft, robbery, arson, safecraking, smuggling, and dynamiting of trains should not be explicitly presented. If these strictures were not met, a film project would no longer receive the code's seal of MPPDA approval (Springhall 137-138). Organized protest against gangster movies reached its height with the publicity surrounding director Howard Hawks' Scarface (1932); in which the versatile Paul Muni overacted as Tony Camonte, another disguised Al Capone figure. This violent and fast paced film produced by millionaire Howard Hughes and scripted by former Chicago newspaperman Ben Hecht, reached the screen a year after Public Enemy but was actually made at the same time. The delay of Scarface occurred because in an effort to appease the movie censors. A subtitle "Shame of the Nation" was added to Scarface, along with a scene in which civic reformers preached ("You can end it. Fight!") directly to the camera (McCarty 68). In another new scene, the city's chief of detectives denounces the glorification of gangsters, echoing the very cries of the censors who ordered the changes. A different ending was also filmed using a double in which Camonte is brought to trial and sentenced to be hanged by the state, rather than being shot down by the police on the sidewalk outside his hideout (McCarty 68). New York and Chicago censorship boards rejected Scarface outright until Warner Brothers agreed to make these changes but Jason Joy, who enforce the Hays Code, still had to convince them to show it cut. Each state in America had its own board of censors, so the original ending could still be seen in some theaters when the film was finally released in the spring of 1932 (McCarty

Introduction Pollution Research Paper Example

Introduction Pollution Research Paper Example Introduction Pollution Paper Introduction Pollution Paper Essay Topic: Water pollution Pollution is the introduction oaf contaminant into a natural environment, usually by humans. While most people think of pollution as chemical waste dumped into rivers, or factories spewing toxins into the air, it can also include light pollution or sound pollution. These are example of pollutions such as air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. Firstly, the air pollution is the accumulation in the atmosphere of substances that, in sufficient concentrations, endanger human health or produce other measured effects on living matter and other materials. Among the major sources of pollution are power and heat generation, the burning of solid wastes, industrial processes, and, especially, transportation. The six major types Of pollutants are carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulates, sulfur dioxide, and photochemical oxidants. These are examples of air pollution; * Tobacco Smoke Tobacco smoke is one of the major forms of pollution in buildings. It is not only the smoker who is infected, but everyone who inhales the polluted air. There is a very strong connection between smoking and lung cancer. Bronchitis is common among smokers and unborn babies of mothers who smoke also suffer from the harmful effects of smoking. * Exhaust Gases of Vehicles Pollution from exhaust gases of vehicles is responsible for 60% of all air pollution and in cities up to 80%. There is a large variety of harmful chemicals present in these gases, with lead being one Of the most dangerous. Combustion of Coal The combustion of coal without special precautions can have serious consequences. If winds do not blow away the poisonous gases, they can have fatal effects and may lead to death. Acid rain Acid rain is the term for pollution caused when sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with atmospheric moisture to produce highly acidic rain, snow, hail, or fog. The acid eats into the stone, brick and metal articles and pollutes water sources. Coal in South Africa is rich in sulfur and the power stations in the Mulligan Province could be responsible for acid rain over other areas of our country. Moreover, another example of pollution is water pollution. Water pollution is the introduction into fresh or ocean waters of chemical, physical, or illogical material that degrades the quality of the water and affects the organisms living in it. This process ranges from simple addition of dissolved or suspended solids to discharge of the most insidious and persistent toxic pollutants (such as pesticides, heavy metals, and no degradable, bio accumulative, chemical compounds). These are examples Of water pollution * Industrial affluent Water is discharged from after having been used in production processes. This waste water may contain acids, alkalis, salts, poisons, oils and in some cases harmful bacteria. K Mining and Agricultural Wastes Mines, especially gold and coal mines, are responsible for large quantities of acid water. Agricultural pesticides, fertilizers and herbicides may wash into rivers and stagnant water bodies. Sewage Disposal and Domestic Wastes Sewage as well as domestic and farm wastes were often allowed to pollute rivers and dams. Lastly is the land pollution. Land pollution is the degradation of the Earths land surface through misuse of the soil by poor agricultural practices, mineral exploitation, industrial waste dumping and indiscriminate disposal of urban wastes. It includes visible waste and litter as well as pollution of the soil itself. Examples of Land Pollution; * Soil Pollution Soil pollution is mainly due to chemicals in herbicides (weed killers) and pesticides (poisons which kill insects and other invertebrate pests). Litter is waste material dumped in public places such as streets, parks, picnic areas, at bus stops and near shops. * Waste Disposal The accumulation Of Waste threatens the health Of people in residential areas. Waste decays, encourages household pests and turns urban areas into unsightly, dirty and unhealthy places to live in.

11 Summer Programs in North Carolina for High Schoolers

These days, getting into college isn’t just about earning high marks or stellar SAT scores. On the contrary, an increasing number of colleges are asking applicants what they’re doing during their summer vacations — and while babysitting or waiting tables can demonstrate a level of maturity and responsibility, these activities aren’t always enough to impress. If you want to give your teen a competitive edge, consider encouraging them to enroll in one of North Carolina’s many summer programs for high schoolers. Pre-college programs are a great way to expose your teen to new academic subjects or help them develop their skills in a given field. Read on to learn about how summer programs can help your teen succeed, along with tips on how to select the best program for them given their unique skills and interests. Summer programs are an excellent way to spend a summer as they enable students to develop their academic interests alongside other teens with similar talents. Also known as pre-college programs, these courses cover a wide variety of topics, ranging from Chinese language and culture to chemistry. Your teen can choose to develop their existing skills in a field or to explore a new topic for the first time. Along with offering high schoolers the opportunity to excel academically, summer programs enable students to develop socially. When students aren’t in the classroom, they’ll be able to interact with peers from different backgrounds and experiences in a new, stimulating environment. Consequently, participating in a summer program can help your student develop their preferences around campus location, size and other key traits, while also providing them with a greater appreciation for other cultures and communities. Note:  All cost estimates are based on information available on the respective program websites. Costs will vary depending on whether students participate as residential or commuter students. With more than a billion native speakers, Chinese is an important language in business and other industries. Offered by North Carolina State College, this Chinese language immersion program offers teens a headstart on learning Chinese and interacting with others who share their interest. During the five-day program, students will be immersed in Chinese language and culture. Additionally, they’ll have the chance to explore traditional pastimes like Chinese calligraphy, brush painting, and paper-cutting. If your teen is passionate about a career in Television, North Carolina State College’s Communication Summer Camp just might be a fit. A week-long program, this course introduces students to the world of broadcasting. Covered topics include television production, presentational speaking, and writing for TV. As a bonus, courses are taught by Department of Communication faculty with real industry experience. Whether your high schooler is set on pursuing a career in landscape architecture or graphic design, the North Carolina State College’s Design Camp can help them achieve their goals. During this five-day course, students will take part in different studio rotations as well as activities outside of the classroom. They’ll also gain valuable tips to help them apply to design programs at top colleges. As the name indicates, the FLAMES program is designed to help future math and science majors achieve their goals in STEM. A one-week program out of North Carolina State College, this course encourages students to work in teams to solve challenges related to computer science and entrepreneurship. To apply, write a brief essay sharing a goal you want to achieve at camp and a second short essay discussing something you learned that fills you with excitement. Is your teen happiest out in the garden? A week-long program at North Carolina State College, the Horticultural Science Summer Institute exposes young people to different career paths within the horticulture industry. Working alongside university faculty, teens will learn about vegetable breeding, sustainable production, and more. To apply, write an essay explaining why you want to the attend the Horticultural Science Summer Institute. Our Early Advising Program helps students in 9th and 10th grade discover their passions and build strong academic and extracurricular profiles to succeed in high school. A one-week program at North Carolina State College, this course explores topics related to the agricultural industry. Along with performing lab experiments, teens will have the chance to learn about meat quality assurance while touring farms and meat processing facilities. The course is hands on and includes opportunities to develop leadership skills. For teens with more time on their hands, the four-week Research Apprenticeship Program at North Carolina A&T University is a great way to gain a competitive advantage. Working with CAES research scientists, students will explore topics such as animal sciences, biological engineering, and biotechnology. Learning opportunities occur both in the laboratory and the classroom, and students have the chance to work in teams. Teens with a passion for math and science could benefit from this four-week program out of the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. During the course, students can choose to focus on a range of STEM fields, including biology, health sciences, chemistry, and environmental sciences. To apply, write an essay explaining how a work experience or extracurricular activity influenced you and why. Want your teen to get a feel for college life prior to moving into the dorms? A three-day program   at the University of North Carolina, Project Uplift exposes teens to the academic, extracurricular, and social elements of college life. The program, which is open to high school juniors, aims to increase higher education access for students who are traditionally underrepresented on college campuses. Students in rural areas often have fewer opportunities to get a feel for college life. A four-day program offered by the University of North Carolina, NCR invites talented juniors from less populated regions to step into the world of higher education. Along with exploring academics and developing leadership skills, students will have the chance to tour dorms, dining halls, and rec facilities. As a bonus, participants will learn test-taking strategies to help them excel on the ACT and SAT. Does your teen have a talent for arguing? If so, they might benefit from the RKS Scholars program at Wake Forest University. This six-week course allows verbally advanced students to practice their arguments and rebuttals through drills and mini debates. The focus is on practicing what you learn so it stays with you during the months and years to come. Looking for more summer program opportunities for your teen? Check out our post on the best pre-college programs in South Carolina . Families often make the mistake of thinking that the college admissions process doesn’t begin until senior year. On the contrary, the most competitive schools are interested in what applicants do throughout their entire high school careers. At , we’ve created our Mentorship Program to advise students on everything from enrolling in summer programs to selecting extracurriculars. You can trust us to help your teen build a competitive portfolio that shows them off to their greatest advantage. Ready to help your student succeed? Call today or contact our Mentorship team online . You can also view a list of summer programs available through Duke University on our website.  

Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Nursing - Essay Example This year it will provide a real opportunity to expand opportunities which are related to the promotional of fitness and health services across the Maryland state. It will also provide the consumers with relevant health information and various resources on the websites. It will also provide a real experience in terms of showing medical technology and therefore breaking through various diseases. It will also provide me with real experience of having fun and fitness and the importance of the same; education, entertainment and empowerment under one room. Being part of the convention, I believe I will have the opportunity of getting to know on some of the actions to be taken to ensure that we remain healthy. Sharing of information is very important and being at the convention will provide a real opportunity to share with others and acquire new ideas with regards to remaining healthy. The information will help a myriad of the populace to improve the health standards. Substance abuse has been reported to be affected the lives of thousands of people across the globe. Maryland is not exceptional. Attending the convention will be an opportunity of providing information on some of the effects of substance abuse and the risks which are involved. Through sharing of information, there was a real experience of some of the substances which are often abused and the risks associated. There is also a guideline on how some of these cases can be handled. (Commission on Social Determinants of Health final report 1) There was also lesson son some of the preventive measure of substance abuse in the county. Besides pr3eventive issues, there are also a number of programs in the county which are designed to deal with the issues of substance abuse. The convention provided a platform whereby those who attended got the opportunity to be taken through some of the programs existing to deal with the issue. Drugs endanger the lives of children. Unfortunately, most parents and guidance are

How to do service learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How to do service learning - Essay Example As explained by Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, â€Å"Service-learning is a teaching and learning methodology which fosters civic responsibility and applies classroom learning through meaningful service to the community. The strongest service-learning experiences occur when the service is meaningfully immersed in ongoing learning and is a natural part of the curriculum that extends into the community† (Public Instruction). Having clearly understood the meaning, it is important to know how this can be implemented. So what do we do for service learning? Service learning is not a skill that can be learnt in one day, it is something which needs to be incorporated over the years. To implement service learning into a program a few basic steps can be incorporated into normal working, I will list these first and then explain each of the points: Okay, the first essential element that is found in the incorporation of service learning is to explain the positive aspects of teaching and helping others. Assisting fellow workers and students and explaining the benefits of service learning is the first step of incorporating service learning. Here it is essential to explain to others the strong characteristic traits and also to highlight the positives of helping others (Watts). Here it is essential to also provide knowledge for healthy decisions. By taking the above steps, it helps in laying the foundation for service learning. Following this, the next step that needs to be incorporated is to successfully connect with the prospective partners and to find the right charities and service based organizations. Here it is essential to get in touch with the local authorities and the organisations and to get into some form of contracts of working together on various charitable goals (Kaye). Here it is important to set u goals for the youth to be able to achieve. By doing

Recruiting Tanglewood Stores Essay Example for Free

Recruiting Tanglewood Stores Essay Based on the historical recruiting methods the Tanglewood stores have a couple of key issues associated with the hiring of new employees in order to provide the customer service and run their organization in a profitable manner. The corporate executives need to establish an employment brand message, and also allow the regional managers to utilize the methods of recruitment and management styles they believe work best in their geographic area (Inman, C. , Muller, C. 1996) First from a management prospective, there is not a unity of effort across the four regions as far as the hiring process is concerned. There are three unique main lines of effort between the four locations. The managers of these regions should be given a certain amount of freedom to lead their divisions, guidance and standards should be provided from the corporate management of the organization (Inman, C. , Muller, C. 1996). This will help the organization adjust to a changing technology while providing custom appeal to potential employees from each region. This will help develop an employment brand message with the public and encourage overall appeal to the company. This employment brand should be the focus of the corporate level managers. It is beneficial to the organization, to give the regional managers the latitude to administer their hiring strategy the way they see fit. Although the cost of hiring an organization to locate and recruit talent for the region at five times the cost of three of the other methods of recruitment, if that is what it takes to hire individuals in that region the manager should be given the authority to utilize that method. The establishment of an employment brand message at the corporate level, which is especially important to the specialization of the Tanglewood stores in outdoor equipment, may reduce turnover among employees. The extensive turnover needs to be addressed at the regional echelon. Turnover is extremely expensive and must be minimized. The effective recruiting of motivated, knowledgeable individuals will minimize the expense of training and recruiting employees. The Western region’s method of utilizing referrals seems to fit the outdoor lifestyle business model the best. Finding employees that fit the mindset of the company result in the least amount of turnover (Naeem Tariq, M. , Ramzan, M. , Riaz, A. 2013). Employees that are interested in and have a passion for the outdoors likely participate in these activities with like-minded individuals. Recruiting from this pool seems like a great source for employees. There is a risk that employees are seeking the reward from the company of 100 dollars. This risk is minimal given the nominal reward and the benefit of free advertising for the business. The Eastern and Northern Oregon region also have a fairly low cost method of recruiting through media. Depending on the type of media, this has a potential to reach many potential applicants. It must be monitored for returns to ensure that money is not being wasted on unyielding sources. This could be accomplished with a simple survey on how the individual discovered the job or coding responses. This media can also target demographic groups that managers believe will make the best employees. The utilization of a staffing agency seems to be the least efficient method of recruiting employees that embrace the culture of the store and proved excellent customer service. If the employees are not willing to make a personal connection with customers based on a shared passion this will affect profits (Puccinelli, N. M. et. al. 2013). Although the agency seeks individuals for the company, it is expensive and the agency is most likely not specialized to find applicants that fit the company’s culture. Although this method may be useful to hire individuals with key KSAOs, it is probably not cost effective for hiring the floor associates. If the corporate level executives produce guidance and emphasize the employment brand message and the regional managers are given the freedom to administer their stores the way they see fit, the hiring process and retention would be greatly improved. An optimization of the hiring process will result in greater retention and increased profits (Naeem Tariq, M. , Ramzan, M. , Riaz, A. 2013).

Fighting Charges of Assimilation in Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun and

Fighting Charges of Assimilation in Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun and The Cosby Show The critical reception of The Cosby Show, an enormously popular television sitcom in the 1980's, roughly paralleled that of A Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry's highly acclaimed play of the 1950's. Both the television series and the play helped change the way Blacks are portrayed in the entertainment media. But despite being initially greeted with critical praise, both subsequently fell under heavy scrutiny by many critics for being too assimilationist. However, in both cases, the charges of assimilation may perhaps be too harsh. A Raisin in the Sun, a drama of a middle-class family in Chicago, should not be regarded as a wholehearted endorsement of black assimilation into "white society. " Instead, the play offers a rather realistic view of the complexity of struggles that involves this issue. The Cosby Show, a comedy series about a successful upper-middle-class black family in New York, must also not be viewed as an endorsement of black assimilation into "white society ." Instead, the sitcom dealt with universal family issues and posited traditional family values and morals. But most importantly of all, both tried to do away with the prevailing negative black stereotypes in order to promote more positive and realistic representations. The claim that A Raisin in the Sun expresses the idea of black assimilation can be somewhat justified. Walter Lee Younger and George Murchison openly and consciously admit that desire for the white lifestyle. George has willingly denounced his race rather than uplifted it and is the epitome of a black man that has fully assimilated into the White mainstream. Walter, on the other hand,... ...revolution, not the just the entertainment industry. Works Cited Color Adjustment.Videotape. Dir. Marlon Riggs. Narr. Rudy Dee. California newsreel.1991. 87 min. Crenshaw, Anthony. "The Cosby Show Changed the Way Blacks are Viewed." Once Upon a Time in the Eighties. (1995) n. pag. Online. Internet. 3 Aug. 1998. Link to above site: www.engl.virginia.edu/~enwr1016/amc2d/cosby.html Pouissant, Alvin. "The Huxtables: fact or Fantasy." Ebony. Oct. 1988. 72-74. Turner, Darwin T. "Visions of Love and Manliness in a Blackening World :Dramas of Black Life Since 1953." The Black Scholar. vol. 25. No.2. 2-12. Link to the Lorraine Hansberry Page: http://www.%20accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/hansberr.htm Link to an interesting site which provides some helpful info and question about A Raisin in the Sun: www.randomhouse.com/acmart/raisintg.html

Cost-effective means

There are many advantages of doing both insurance and banking with the same company. First, it is a cost-effective means of managing assets and insurance concerns, enabling consumers to save time, energy, and money spent on transactions. Second, integrated insurance and banking makes it easier for the consumer to communicate his or her needs in terms of insurance claims and appropriate payment adjustments with respect to emergency and crisis circumstances. Lastly, it enables an individual to build a deeper relationship with the bank and to better get to know its services.On the downside, doing both insurance and banking with the same company increases the risks of losing insurance payments and other assets when the company loses money from its investments or is affected by criminal activities. Although money and other deposits in a banking or insurance company are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, it only reimburses up to a predetermined amount which might be less than a consumer’s actual bank or insurance deposits.2. ) I am not as comfortable with doing my banking transactions online as with a clerk in a brick and mortar bank due to security and privacy concerns. The internet remains an unsafe platform for conducting sensitive transactions as criminals are developing techniques to capture pertinent consumer and financial data almost as fast as online banking security experts are trying to develop more sophisticated means of securing internet banking services.In the same manner, I would not be as comfortable working with an insurance agent for my banking needs as I would be with a banking clerk since I would worry about an individual having too much information about my financial status and resources. 3) Among the services that a consumer gets from a brick and mortar bank that might not be as easily provided by an online bank are automated teller machines for convenient deposit and withdrawals, and personal, in-depth consultations abo ut banking services that could be accomplished just by walking into a bank or its branch.

Technology And Innovation Management Education Essay

My experience enabled me to recognize the extent to which developing e-learning are of import for the employee and the scope of betterments the employees may accomplish in footings of accomplishments enhancement, knowledge sharing and most significantly in footings of beef uping the morale that the staff feels and the ego esteem inducements that makes the employees confident in themselves and execute better and stimulated to demo uninterrupted betterments, in conformity with the aims and marks of the preparation program which is normally designed to fulfill the preparation demands and to make full the accomplishments ‘ spreads. As good, it is deserving to observe that through preparation, the administration can do accent on its vision, ends and aspirations for the following stage, whereas the employees should understand and recognize these basic rules and follow them while implementing the work program, because if the employee think and perform as the administration aspire, it would finally be the highest grade of success. However in contrast, from my experience the decrease and limitation of the preparation chances affect the employees public presentation and productiveness negatively as it makes their morale down and do them disappointed and low-level and they may lose their trueness to their administration, while when put uping me for any preparation class I feel that my supervisors appreciate my work and that they aim to heighten my abilities through preparation Sessionss. I have gained considerable benefits from this class and learnt valuable accomplishments and cognition from the talks throughout this class, it was truly enlightening and constructive constructs and information that we, as station alumnus pupils, need to derive and understand, because it provide us with comprehensive cognition about some constructs that are indispensable for our future calling and that have considerable effects on our public presentation when we return back to our establishments. Through the basic accomplishments of e-learning and preparation I have learnt in this class, I have achieved cognition and go acquainted with the existent and new constructs of e-learning and preparation based work, in this respect, I feel that my ceiling of cognition about work constructs has been expanded and my positions is going more mature than earlier, as the scattered information about e-learning, preparation, work and other constructs I used to cognize without in-depth apprehension ha ve now been good organised by the scientific cognition I gained from this class, and even I feel that this cognition will be enhanced with scientific grounds through farther alteration of literature, research, articles and surveies about the constructs we have learnt in this class. This achieved cognition and constructs have non merely enabled me to understand and larn new thoughts and to enrich my positions, but besides to larn from the others ‘ experiences every bit good as the ways to use this cognition in raising my public presentation and bettering my accomplishments and to retroflex the best practises and successful methods and experiences in my work as a manner of reassigning this cognition to my state and to portion the accomplishments I achieved with my co-workers, which in bend will heighten their capacities and better their productiveness and better the administration. In general, this class was a existent chance for me to better my cognition, heighten my accomplish ments, spread out my ideas and positions and rectify my vision about the feasibleness of the end products of preparation and e-learning. In malice of some troubles we, as abroad pupils, sometimes see such as the linguistic communication jobs, in add-on to other jobs of adaptability that may confront any abroad pupil with the civilization, conditions, communicating, .. etc. as all these troubles in add-on to others affect the pupil ‘s public presentation because it may obstacle the acquisition procedure ; such as the entree to the right books or articles in the library, or even if we find the appropriate books it may go hard to understand everything since English is our 2nd linguistic communication and I used to hold got a stereotypic thought about preparation and e-learning and work construct in general, that inaccurate thoughts made me doubt to understand this class or benefit of its contents. However, we did n't happen any troubles to harmonize with staff member who taught us this class, I personally was really interested and comfy with the manner he delivered the topic and show its contents, because of the si ncere manner he dealt with us until we feel that he is one of us, he was truly successful to pull us to understand and non to experience shame when we do n't understand or necessitate more account, he was acute to present everything to us really easy and swimmingly and was keen to hold each and every one of us understand everything he mentions in the talks, he was besides concerted with us greatly. All these positive effects helped me to acquire familiar with the class and with everything in the academic environment around me, and that provided me strong assurance in myself and enhanced my inclination to larn and promote me to accept the challenge and bridge the cognition spread that I have faced at my earliest phases of my surveies in the United Kingdom, where I was afraid non to be able to execute good in a wholly new academic and societal environment. One of the valuable benefits I achieved from this class is the pattern of squad work. I used to believe that working together in research may restrict my chances to larn and may take to unorganized work, nevertheless, working together with a group of three co-workers was a fantastic experience which taught me that the thoughts of different people can perchance be integrated to reproduce a solid thought, where everybody in the squad has the opportunity to supply his ain part while participate in discoursing the others thoughts and portion cognition with one another. I have enjoyed a batch in the research authorship as a squad where the members of the squad have their different manner of thought and authorship, but we agreed to follow a incorporate and utile method of execution, as such we discussed the work as a whole and commit everyone in the squad to execute a specific undertaking and cod information about certain portion of the topic under survey, while we meet mundane during the research period to discourse what we have carried out and transform the information collected into information utilizing our different diction to come to an agreeable phrasing, with uninterrupted treatment to the thoughts of the squad members whereas, each one of us propose his thoughts and information on the topic and we discuss these thoughts which might sometimes belie one another but after treatment and encephalon storming we normally used to come to accept about these thoughts and hold on how to give voice it and how to show it in our research, the contradiction of the thoughts was go oning as a normal consequence of our different ideas and due to the fact that each one has his ain manner in the preparation of the thoughts, nevertheless, everything used to be sorted out every bit shortly as we sit together and discourse these thoughts. To reason, I am wholly satisfied with the thought of working in group because it provides the chance to portion cognition and integrate thoughts .

buy custom Medicare essay

buy custom Medicare essay The current and future financial status of the Medicare has largely been subject to the health reforms that have taken place in the recent past. Some of these reforms increase the Medicare spending while others decrease the expenditure, geared at increasing benefits either in coverage or to facilitate the efficient operations of the program respectively. Others improve the quality and delivery of care. Considering benefits improvement, we have a hundred and five billion dollars budgeted for a period of ten years. From the year 2011, Medicare will be covering new annual wellness visits, which will have a personalized prevention plan. In this plan the expenditure will be five billion dollars. Primary care physicians and other providers will spend additional eight billion dollars. What one can conclude from this argument is that Medicare is experiencing a lot of financial constraint. It, therefore, has been necessary to ease this mounting pressure (Barr, 2011). The government and Medicare organizations have put dramatic efforts to increase Medicare savings; as a result the savings have increased to five hundred and thirty three billion dollars. This has been possible due to the reduction of expenditure by Medicare as propelled by the health reform law. The annual increase in payments that health providers ought to receive from Medicare has generated 219 billion dollars. Other reductions generated from provider payments also contributed to this savings portion. An approximate of twenty five percent (136 billion dollars) of the total savings generated from reductions in payment made to medical advantage plans. An increase in the premiums payments for higher income beneficiaries of Medicare is yet another source contributing thirty six billion dollars. It is worth noting that the new board, tasked with reducing Medicare expenditure to levels below defined targets, contributes to sixteen percent whereas other delivery reforms contribute to twelve percent of the total savngs. In the current time, people have a choice of a traditional fee-for service Medicare, or one can enroll in a Medicare advantage plan (MA); for instance, HMOs and PPOs. Note that Medicare advantage plans normally receive a given fixed amount of money for every enrollee. Therefore, they get more than the amount traditional Medicare receives. This is a move by the congress, aimed at encouraging more Medicare advantage plan participation, as well as higher enrollment. Consequently, more plans have been developed with increasing enrollments (Brown, 1992). In fact, the number of enrollees has increased by more than double from the initial size between the year 2004 and 2010. Medicare has thus been compelled to pay more for beneficiaries who enroll in Medicare advantage plans, than it does to those of traditional Medicare. From cost-benefit analysis it is evident that the Medicare program has higher expenditure to revenue thus shortening the life of Trust Fund and increasing payments made by other beneficiaries. In ten years, the Medicare expenditure has to be reduced by one hundred and thirty six billion dollars due to three key provisions. Freezing benchmarks is one of them. If plans presented a bid to Medicare that is below the benchmark, they would be allowed to keep 75% of the difference in their offer and the Medicare maximum, also called the rebate. The health reform law freezes a maximum payment that Medicare will pay the Medicare advantage plans in 2011. The law freezes in decreasing proportions of payments based on the average Medicare cost in every county in the year 2012. In addition, Medicare keeps a larger share of the difference between the plans bid and the county level benchmark. This reduces the amount that plans were previously able to keep, called the rebate. The law also includes a new system of bonus payments to plans, based on a new five star quality rating system. Their impact is not known yet, but it is highly likely that the followwing will happen: there will be fewer enrollees in the Medicare advantage plans, extra benefits for Medicare advantage plans, enrollees will be fewer with time, and finally, the number of plans will probably be fewer (Timothy, 2010). CBO has initiatives estimated to reduce Medicare expenditure by twelve billion dollars in ten years. One of them is a reduction of payments for cases of hospitalization that are preventable. The other one is reduced payment on conditions that are hospital-acquired. Before the implementation of the law on health reforms, analysts of the Medicare part A Trust Fund projected that this trust fund was going to be exhausted by the year 2017. With the enforcement of the Health reform legislation, the Part A Trust Fund will last up to 2029. This is because of the Medicare savings provision, and the new Medicare payroll tax provision. Because of the increase in health cost with time, we expect that Medicare will face tough challenges in the future. In fact, it is likely to double as the share of the gross domestic product (GDP). In proportion terms, it will increase from 3.5% in the year 2010 to 6.4% in the year 2030. The Congressional budget office shows that a rise in health cost has caused a growth in Medicare enrollment, and not due to the Baby Boom generation. The major courses of increase in Medicare spending are: price inflation leading to prices increase, increased volumes of beneficiaries and the introduction of new technologies in the Medicare program. As the population ages, they tend to turn to the Medicare. Medicare, in this case, is taken as a primary source of health insurance. The public also considers Medicare as a pillar of retirement security (Barr 2011). We expect the health reform law to reduce the Medicare spending significantly. By 2015, for example, we project the Medicare spending to be less by fifty billion dollars. Therefore, we anticipate improved financial status in future, holding other factors constant. Buy custom Medicare essay

Language Confusion in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night Essay

Language Confusion in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night - Essay Example In literary critics, views that Feste has assumed the spirit of the Twelve Night festivities which involves having fun and tossing the bird towards authority figures (Ford, 145). Despite the belief by Caesario, the disguised Olivia, she believes that Feste remains one of the wisest cats in Illyria. The description fits Feste through his expressed genius nature with words. Feste is endowed with the talent of punning, clever banter and word play. It is amazing how Feste utilizes his skills throughout the Twelfth Night (Ford, 148). Feste appears fond of amicably sizing up situations as they come and at the same time the characters around him allowing him to discern the foolishness of the individuals around him. The character not only tickles individuals but, at the same time ends up providing him with an opportunity to earn a few bucks. Feste mocks the Olivia saying that she has over indulge in mourning which, he, Feste, views as a foolish behavior. Further, Feste mocks Duke Orsino’s moods as being excess. To emphasize the extent he compares Orsino’s mind with an ‘apal’ that constantly changes its color (Ford,

Construction Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Construction Engineering - Assignment Example Whether or not a power plant can be built on a specific location is determine by carrying out technical surveys based on following recommendations. Supply of raw material to the place is convenient .i.e. the construction site is provided by roads to transport goods to that part of the area. Must have ample space to accommodate construction machinery. Must have proper area for dumping mud extracted from the construction site. Quebec is rich in places that are suitable for the construction of power plant. For the construction of such a facility in Quebec, following considerations are followed. Facility must be having environmental conditions that support the construction and running of power plant, e.g. Most of the year temperature should be below freezing point and less prone to tornadoes. Facility must be having suitable area for the construction of such a large project. It is better to choose the facility near geysers; therefore, less fuel will be required. Location selected must be close to the facility, so that less investment is required to lay down the electric cable system and less line losses are build. Before establishing such a huge project, most important thing is to carry out economic analysis. To keep the plant running after start up, its economic analysis must be done before time. Here are few most important aspects of carrying out the analysis. The total investment must not exceed the revenue plant is going to generate in its life span, but it should be less enough to overcome its maintenance charges as well as gives profit to the state. Plant should have least transportation charges of fuel and less cabling should be required to furnish the area with electricity produced. Question 2 What data would be required and how would it be collected/obtained/determined for question 1 above? The data for question 1 can be collected by dividing the whole task in a number of parts. First of all, basic information can be obtained by surveying already working p ower plants in Quebec. It needs thorough survey of all the power plants already working in that area. This survey includes detailed review of the operational complexities faced by already functional power plants, in terms of local environmental conditions and geographical issues. Annual reports generated by all the plants must be viewed thoroughly in order to get the idea how the output from the plant is being affected by the choice of location and other factors. All this is really helpful in getting exact data for the analysis carried out in question 1. Question 3 Part of your mandate is to prepare a manual of ‘Business Ethics’ for the Construction of this project. This manual would affect all engineering staff doing design and all construction contractors performing work on site. What key principles might you include in your manual? To follow Business Ethics or Code of Conduct while performing a task is a key to success as an individual as well as a company. Therefore , carrying out such a big project must also follow some codes of conduct that need to be applied on engineering staff, contractors and labors. Here is the list of most important business ethics that must be followed while carrying out this project(Vee and Skitmore). Construction drawings must not be stolen from any source rather a dedicated drawing for this specific thermal power plant must be produced. All of the construction errors must be reported

MOCK TRIAL ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MOCK TRIAL ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example Several questions must be addressed so that the plaintiff is assured of a fair case in the courts. The background of the jurors is important to note when selecting the potential ones for representation (Walter and James). Firstly, the level of education is of paramount importance. Of pivotal value also is the number of members in the family as well as spouses. This activity of asking such questions tries to investigate any prejudices that may be hidden which could lead to the negation of a fair trial. For instance a jury could have been a victim of such a case in the past hence this aspect may lead to ultimate bias directed towards the defendant thus spoiling the relevance of the case under question. On the other hand, the defendant should likewise exercise caution in the selection of the jury to safeguard the rights bestowed in him. The reason behind such undertaking is to prevent unfair circumstances that hamper administration of justice to the aggrieved parties. For example, the d efendant in this case must ask about the family members of the potential juror since it can be so coincidental that one of the parties to which he has a relationship leads in a certain insurance company and so on. This could pose challenges because the potential juror may sway favoritism towards the defendant hence no instance of justice would be encountered. The jury out to exhibit dire competence at all costs as well as professionalism to the parties, the defendant and the plaintiff. 2.0 Opening Statement for the Defendants As the case before us exhibits, there is a lot of negligence on the part of the plaintiff. From the instructions given by the manufacturer, 1-4B has largely been used in the manufacture products in the household platform yet for it to turn dangerous in its GHB form; large amounts have to be ingested in very high quantities (Andrew). Notably, production of Princess Beads doesn’t use high levels of this element thus this renders the plaintiff’s clai m baseless. Additionally, we expressed our responsibility by giving reliable warning information concerning the product hence the plaintiff negligently dismissed this aspect. To this respect, we can’t be liable for the inconveniences neither the eventual death of the plaintiff’s son, Joey Davis. Specifically, Princess Beads has been positioned strategically in the market to target children of older age than that of Joey; we can never be bound by any law to follow each person purchasing Princess Beads to make sure it’s used appropriately. Thus, it’s my view, that of the entire company that the plaintiff was responsible for the death of her son by not advising the caregivers to adhere to the instructions directed by the manufacturer. They ought to have played their supervisory role in the manner expected to prevent such unfortunate occurrences. If I was a member of the panel of the jury, I would elect an eloquent person to deliver the opening statement. The person should possess a convincing capacity with powerful elaboration skills so as to make sure that the points are delivered to the judges in a sequential and orderly manner which is both convincing and reliable (Hamid). The ultimate efficiency with which the same is done therefore adds value to this case and will hence build a strong defense that in not easy to surpass. By so doing therefore, the foregoing will add bonus points and also give a bearing to the

Religion and Homophobia in Trinidad and Tobago Essay Example for Free

Religion and Homophobia in Trinidad and Tobago Essay As previously demonstrated, the data collected was graphically represented in order to highlight trends or anomalies. Figure 1 (Fig. 1) begins by showing that 36% of our sample supported same sex marriage, whilst 64% did not. Since non-support of same-sex marriage is used as our indicator of homophobia, approximately two-thirds (( 2)? (3 )) of our sample is considered homophobic. Whilst this suggests that a substantial proportion of our population is supportive of homosexuality, the majority is apparently homophobic. Thus, a standard was found, against which individual elements of the population can then be manipulated and analysed in a positivistic approach. Figure 2 shows that the gender of the non-supportive population was almost equally distributed, which suggests that perspective is gender neutral. This is surprising considering that gender commonly indicates differing perspectives, but may perhaps be attributed to the existence of homosexuality in both genders. Additionally, this is reflected in Fig 3. where the male only school, Naparima College is proportionately equal to the female only schools, Naparima Girls’ High School (NGHS), ASJA Girls’ College (ASJA) and St. Joseph’s Convent (SJC). Furthermore, Figure 4 shows that the average CSEC grades (which we will use as an indicator of education level) of the supporters approximately equalled that of the non-supporters. Therefore, neither gender, education level school has significant effect on our candidates’ perception of same-sex marriage. Continuing the search for factors that may affect the development of homophobia, Fig 5 outlines four further dimensions of social life, showing that, support of the legalisation of marijuana, alcohol consumption habits, history of altercations with the law, and family structure all had negligible effects because the proportions only slightly deviated from the norm. It is only when the dynamic of religion is introduced that anomalies become apparent. As illustrated in Figure 6, there is little variance between the individual religions, with Islam being marginally more homophobic, but, when religion is removed, as in the case of our secular candidates, the proportions are reversed and approximately two-thirds (( 2)? (3 )) of the secular candidates were supportive. Additionally, it was observed that, whilst Muslim candidates had the highest correlation to homophobia within our sample, the candidates from the Islamic school, ASJA Girls’ College –who would have been exposed to the institution for at least five years, a substantial portion of their lives-, had the lowest correlation to homophobia; the difference being approximately 10%. This is pertinent because it is also indicative of secularisation by differentiation wherein the non-religious sphere of life, education is separated from religion (Jose Casanova, 1994). In both instances of secularisation, homophobia was reduced. Building on the investigation of the influence of religion, religiosity was then compared to opinion using three common measures of religiosity. Figure 7 shows the relationship between frequency of visitation of place of worship and non-support, Figure 8 shows the frequency of private worship against non-support and Figure 8 shows the frequency of private study of religious texts versus non-support. All graphs yielded a positive gradient, began well below the average and ended well above it. This indicates, that as religiosity increases, so too does homophobia. This contrasts our previous observation that there were no trends amongst the various religions but verifies the implication that secularisation decreases homophobia. Careful consideration of the qualitative data compounds these assertions because, not only is religion openly and usually used as justification of homophobia, the candidates who were most fervently religious and enmeshed with their congregation were often most blatantly homophobic. Additionally, if the view of the religious leaders is to be taken as the consensus of the congregation, it would appear that most justify discrimination. However, there were cases in which the fervently religious advocated positively for same-sex marriages. The phenomena observed can be explained using a functionalist perspective in which religion serves as a method of maintaining social order through increasing solidarity within a mostly heterosexual population by segregating the homosexual, thereby providing a common ‘enemy,’ and instilling a set of values and norms in society. Also, religion may be viewed as encouraging more â€Å"productive† marriages in which childbirth is possible, thereby helping to sustain the birth-rate, working to aid the system of the family. When candidates are separated from the functions of religion, they are more likely to maintain a different set or norms, wherein homosexuals are equal to heterosexuals. Contrastingly, a Conflict perspective may be used in hich religion serves to justify the construction of a class society in which the heterosexuals are the ‘bourgeoisie’ and the homosexuals are the ‘proletariat. ’ By masking the foundation of power and exploitation in divine ruling, the heterosexuals are allowed to legitimize their position of superiority. When this illusion is removed and class consciousness attained, as in the case of secular candidates and candidates with little religiosity, the bourgeoisie can no longer legitimize their position, and so homophobia is reduced. Alternatively, if one is to utilize Weber’s theory of Rational Choice, one might suggest, that, perhaps candidates decided to follow the homophobic direction of their religious leaders, rationalizing that earning the support of the entire congregation was worth discriminating against a minority. This theory also serves to explain why candidates supported same-sex marriage, because the prevailing justification was a rationalisation that their (homosexuals) private life did not affect me (the candidate) negatively and was therefore not a problem. This also explains the anomaly of the few candidates who were enmeshed in non-supportive congregations but still supported same-sex marriages. Continuing the interpretivistic trend, Mead’s theory of Symbolic Interactionism may be applied in which the ascribed meanings of symbols encourage homophobia. For example, candidates who studied their holy texts daily were most likely to be non-supportive. They may ascribe that the text determines their values and that the text does not support homosexuality, therefore, they, identified as a follower of the text, does not support homosexuality. Another example may be the use of song references in their justification, wherein, candidates interpret the music to disapprove of homophobia and therefore, as listeners, they should also disapprove. Lastly, the use of homophobic slurs such as ‘fag’ in the language of the non-supporters suggests that homosexuality is unwanted, and communicates this to others who may interpret it as such, and develop the same opinion. Discussion of Findings In, Invitation to the sociology of religion, Zuckerman presents a functionalist approach in which we see how religion may affect social hange. He demonstrates a correlation between a decline in the influence of religion and an increase in the acceptance of homosexual relations suggesting that religion does indeed influence homophobia as determined from my research. Furthermore, he considered another form of discrimination, that is, racism in which again, religion resulted in the segregation of a minority, but also, where religion provided a powerful community through which resistance could grow. The strength and influence of these churches echoes the observation that the more enmeshed our subjects were in their religious congregations, the more homophobic they tended to be. Building on the methods by which religion could affect social life, the article, â€Å"Gays bash government on same-sex marriage,† presents a scenario in which religion has clearly moulded the opinion of a prominent member of our government to the point that it over-rode proper conduct. This crass act seems less surprising when it is observed that some candidates also paraphrased or quoted biblical passages in lieu of an explanation. The research paper, †Religion and public opinion of same-sex marriage,† also adds validation to our research because their results were strikingly similar to our own. They discovered, as I did, that a persons’ religiosity and not their specific religion was the prominent factor in influencing their view of same-sex marriage. Additionally, the article entitled, â€Å"J-FLAG Issues Statement on International Day Against Homophobia,† also verifies this conclusion by using statistics which showed that 56% believed homosexuality and Christianity were incompatible and that 82% believed that it was immoral. This, second study was conducted in Jamacia and as such, it is also more relevant to our research based in Trinidad; it should come as no surprise that their sample yielded a homophobic rate only marginally lower than our own at 59% as opposed to 64%. Finally, in relation to our final aim, the research paper, †Religion and public opinion of same-sex marriage,† also proves handy because they validate that no other standard demographic holds significant influence on a candidate’s opinion of same-sex marriage besides religiosity. Considering these observations, my main finding appears to be that religion does, in fact, play a significant role in developing homophobia within the Lower Six population of San Fernando. Additionally, three main inferences can be made: Firstly, that religion may develop homophobia by presenting a community in which homophobia may be justified and advertised as the norm, through interaction with the institution of government, or through symbolic interaction wherein the religious texts are interpreted as encouraging homophobia. Secondly, that religiosity is a much more significant factor than religious affiliation in developing homophobia, with religious affiliation being almost powerless in our study. Thirdly, we may infer that, whilst exposure to the media did have some effect on the development of homophobia as reflected in our qualitative data, by and large, religion is the major influence with no significant alternative factors appearing in our study. ? Limitations Whilst conducting my study, certain limitations were confronted. Chief amongst these was the cost effectiveness of conducting such a relatively large-scale survey consisting of over two hundred subjects. Adding to this difficulty was the statistical analysis in which a spreadsheet was necessary. Additionally, in order to balance the ratio of male to female respondents, the strata of Naparima College was over-represented since that was the school in which the most co-operation was met. However, since Naparima College proved to be a typical institution, for the purposes of our study, I believe that the integrity of the data was no compromised. Difficulty was also met in collecting and analysing secondary data sources as inquisitions at our public libraries proved fruitless and many of the recent, relevant research papers published were either costly, or restricted to members of certain institutions. Lastly, there may have been some, inherent instrument bias in my analysis of the qualitative data. Recommendations On completion of my research, certain recommendations have become apparent. The first being that a complete separation of the church and state must be accomplished in order to provide the allocation of same-sex marriages, and the second being that the institution of religion should be removed from society as it, in its many forms may a dangerous tool for inspiring discrimination. Conclusion Although it has been a lengthy road, it was a straight one, and, in summation, we can determine that there is indeed a clear relationship between religion and homophobia in which religion inspires the other through various ways. Furthermore, a person’s religiosity was shown to be the determining factor in influencing homophobia with no other influence being significant. ?

Paradigm And Paradigm Shifts

Paradigm And Paradigm Shifts The word paradigm first appeared in English in the 15th century. It comes from Greek, meaning an example or pattern, and it still holds this meaning today. For nearly 400 years it has also been applied in varieties of grammatical properties including verbs, nouns, and other parts of speech of a language. In linguistics, Ferdinand de Saussure used it to refer to a class of elements with similarities. According to 1900 Merriam-Webster dictionary it is defined as a philosophical and theoretical framework of a scientific school or discipline within which theories, laws, and generalizations and the experiments performed in support of them are formulated; broadly: a philosophical or theoretical framework of any kind. From the 1960s onward, the word has been used in science to refer to a theoretical framework, as when Nobel Laureate David Baltimore cited the work of two colleagues that really established a new paradigm for the causation of cancer. Thereafter, researchers in many different fields tried to explore this concept. WHAT IS A PARADIGM? The historian of science, Thomas Kuhn was the first to use the term for science, and referred to the set of practices that define a scientific discipline at certain point in time. He meant something like a framework, a dominant way of thinking and doing things, shared expectations and rules. Further he termed something as disciplinary matrix. He also suggested that paradigms are discrete (separate) and culturally based. For example, a Chinese medical researcher, with an in-depth knowledge of eastern medicine, will live in a different paradigm than a purely western researcher. Alternatively, the Oxford English Dictionary defines paradigm as a pattern or model, an exemple. Thus an additional component of Kuhns definition of paradigm is that how is an experiment to be carried, and what equipment is available to carry the experiment. SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM A scientific paradigm, in the most basic sense of the word, is a framework containing all of the commonly accepted views about a subject, a structure of what direction research should take and how it should be performed (Shuttleworth, 2008). In 1962, Thomas Kuhn, in his book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions defined scientific paradigm as what is to be discovered and inspected, the type of questions that are supposed to be asked and examined for answers in relation to this subject, how these questions are to be organized and how the results of scientific investigations should be analysed. WHAT IS A PARADIGMS ROLE? The philosopher, Thomas Kuhn suggested that scientific research does not progress towards truths, but is subject to belief and remaining emotionally attached to old theories. He gave four basic ways in which a paradigm indirectly influences the scientific process as mentioned above. A paradigm includes what is studied and researched, the kind of questions that are asked, the structure and nature of the questions and how the results of any research are interpreted. Kuhn believed that science required periods of patiently gathering data, in a paradigm, and then revolution occurred as the paradigm turn to maturity. A paradigm can include some errors but they eventually become impossible, like Ptolemys epicycles, and result in a paradigm shift. The new paradigm is not necessarily better than the old one but it is just different. For example, most psychologists weep at the mention of the Freudian paradigm. WHAT IS A PARADIGM SHIFT? Paradigm shifts are mostly used in sciences that appear to be stable and mature, at the end of the 19th century. A paradigm shift (or revolutionary science) is the term used but not named by Thomas Kuhn in his book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions in 1962. Paradigm shift is a successive transition from one paradigm to another via revolution is the usual developmental pattern of mature science. Paradigm shift questions the paradigm itself. It is a change from one way of thinking to another. Its a revolution, a transformation. . It just does not happen, but rather it is driven by agents of change. It is when the model for a process or application or method changes significantly, typically because there has been a leap. Kuhn believes that a paradigm would make an unexpected leap from one to the next, called a shift, and the new paradigm could not be built upon the foundations of the old. The indirect meaning is that one has stepped off the road that the prior paradigm followed onto an intersecting and better road. The term paradigm shift has found uses in other contexts, representing the notion of a major change in a certain thought-pattern; a radical change in personal beliefs, complex systems or organizations, replacing the previous way of thinking or organizing with a radically different way of thinking or organizing. The Paradigm is closely related to the Platonic and Aristotelian views of knowledge. Aristotle believed that knowledge could only be based upon what is already known, the basis of the scientific method. Plato believed that knowledge should be judged by what something could become, the end result, or final purpose. Platos philosophy is more like the intuitive leaps that cause scientific revolution; Aristotles the patient gathering of data. For example, in physics Newtons Laws were an example of a paradigm, and scientists worked upon his principles for centuries. The discovery of the internal structure of the atom started to find problems in the theory, and Einstein provided the out of the box thinking that drew the paradigm in another direction. ELEMENTS OF PARADIGM SHIFT A successful paradigm shift requires four main elements. First is pressure for change, second is a clear shared vision, then capacity for change and actionable first step (Kurkela, 2009). If any of these elements is missing the result would be failure of paradigm. Paradigms affect that what kind of learning resources are required and these learning resources further influence what kind of paradigms can be used or developed. THE ROLE OF PARADIGM SHIFT Paradigm shifting can start with your trying-on of different existing paradigms. For example, a person has the attitude of being an actor taking on a new role for a season on the stage, or for the duration of a movie. He or she goes into it, knowing that it is for a limited time, and that they will emerge from it the other side. During the play or filming period he/she will adopt that character as it is real. Then again actor will put it down again afterwards. However, while in the play or during filming, the actor tries to become that character, and fulfill the requirement of the role to make it natural. EXAMPLES OF PARADIGM SHIFTS IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES The transition in cosmology from a Ptolemaic cosmology to a Copernican one. The transition in optics from geometrical optics to physical optics. The transition in mechanics from Aristotelian mechanics to classical mechanics. The acceptance of Charles Darwins theory of natural selection replaced Lamarckism as the mechanism for evolution. EXAMPLES OF PARADIGM SHIFTS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES The movement, known as the Cognitive revolution, away from Behaviourist approaches to psychological study and the acceptance of cognition as central to studying human behaviour. The Keynesian Revolution is typically viewed as a major shift in macroeconomics.

The Poem Negro by Langston Hughes Essay -- Poetry Analysis

The poem â€Å"Negro† was written by Langston Hughes in 1958 where it was a time of African American development and the birth of the Civil Rights Movement. Langston Hughes, as a first person narrator tells a story of what he has been through as a Negro, and the life he is proud to have had. He expresses his emotional experiences and makes the reader think about what exactly it was like to live his life during this time. By using specific words, this allows the reader to envision the different situations he has been put through. Starting off the poem with the statement â€Å"I am a Negro:† lets people know who he is, Hughes continues by saying, â€Å" Black as the night is black, /Black like the depths of my Africa.† He identifies Africa as being his and is proud to be as dark as night, and as black as the depths of the heart of his country. Being proud of him self, heritage and culture is clearly shown in this first stanza. The structure of this poem is not the traditional form of poetry, in that he begins with a first person statement then after an indentation, he elaborates on it almost lik...

Percentage Composition by Mass of Magnesium Oxide Essay

Percentage composition by mass of magnesium oxide – Report Objective: To measure and calculate the ratio of magnesium to oxygen in magnesium oxide. To compare the lab ratio to the percent composition calculation based on the formula. Hypothesis: Based on the law of definite proportions, the percentage composition of magnesium oxide should be around 60% magnesium and 40% oxygen. Materials: * Goggles * Centigram or analytical balance * 2-4 cm magnesium ribbon * Steel Wool * Porcelain crucible and lid * Bunsen Burner * Retort Stand * Ring Stand and Clamp * Clay Triangle * Crucible Tongs * Glass Stirring Rod * Distilled Water Calculations + Observation: Please see the back of the report. Discussion: B) The fact that magnesium oxide was formed, which is a new substance, proved that a chemical reaction had taken place. E) Yes, the law of definite proportions is valid, because most of the other groups that had not encountered as many errors as us and they had more accurate results which were closer to the predicted compositions according to the law. The rest had similar results to us which proves that their errors were similar to ours. H) The white film on the surface of the magnesium was polished because it prevents reactions of magnesium and gas elements in the air. This was necessary because we wanted magnesium to react with oxygen and therefore had to remove the white film. Conclusion: J) Yes, the law of definite proportions is valid, because most of the other groups that had not encountered as many errors as us had more accurate results. The rest had similar results which proves that their errors were similar as well. Sources of error: You have to be very precautious while doing this experiment. Here are reasons/possible errors that could have been encountered: * The magnesium oxide could have been lost through the crucible during the heating process. This could result in the loss of the product. To prevent this, the lid should be set slightly off-center on the crucible so that only the air goes in. * When the glass stirring rod was used to crush the magnesium, there is a high chance that the magnesium oxide could have been left on it before adding the water, resulting in the loss of product. To prevent this, the stirring rod should be held above the crucible and then pour the water slowly on to the end of the stirring rod so that the water would run down into the crucible while dragging the MgO from the stirring rod. * Magnesium could have not reacted with oxygen completely. * The crucible might be left dirty with other particles in it that could have made variations in the MgO reaction. * The water could be contaminated. * All water might not have evaporated. * Magnesium having not been crushed completely into powder after reaction. * Rushing through experiment because of lack of time. * Chance of Problem with weighing scale. * Crucible had extra weight due to extra contents that were unseen.

Overall Effects of Vietnam War

The overall effects of the Vietnam War The Vietnam War was a military conflict in which communist forces of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam fought with the indigenous National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam along with their allies, mostly the United States of America over a unification of two states to be bonded by one communistic government. The Vietnam war lasted 209384903 years and the United States was involved for 20394032 years. The issue at hand was the possible expansion of communism in Asia.From our democratic viewpoint, and being ethnocentric, the United States felt involvement was necessary and it would benefit not only us, but the world. The war had a huge effect on literally everything that was involved; from the soldiers, the societies, the land, the governments. Almost everyone in the word today can altogether agree that our involvement in the war was a poor decision made by our ethnocentric government. Our government tried to spread democracy by getting involved with a civil issue, as they still do today.One would think that our predestined failure in the past would obviously come to mine once again when a similar situation occurs; such as Iraq or future events. The United States of America was founded on the belief of freedom; our establishment was completely against the English policy and caused wars. We very often engage in hypocritical actions where we try to restrict the type of government and types of policies created around the world even though we feel that we are spreading the correct way. The bad effects of the Vietnam war significantly over shadowed any benefit that the United States thought at the time would come.Our involvement was irresponsible and caused horrific damage to the United States society. The returning troops were battered and abused by citizens as if they had not unwillingly experienced enough over in Vietnam; their events would live on with them until they die. The United State’s involvement in th e Vietnam war conflict was a terrible mistake that caused tragic effects that would live on for decades. The Vietnam war mostly forever affected the lives on the United States soldiers that went into battle in Vietnam. From the horrific sights witnessed over in Vietnam, to the unjustified treatment upon return, the oldiers unarguably suffered the most. Roughly 58,226 U. S. soldiers died for a unsuccessful cause. The draft was instituted in 1969 where thousands of soldiers were unwillingly deployed to fight a losing battle. Nobody wanted to endure the effects of the war personally, and as a result thousands of men fled from the draft. Returning vets were unjustly treated for their service to their country, as if it was their decision to become involved in the Vietnam conflict. The average veteran witnessed friendly casualties on a daily basis, and the death of enemies that was orchestrated by the United States government.During the Vietnam war, the government deployed chemical substa nces, mostly agent orange, who’s purpose was to kill the foliage along the war path. The government, inadvertently poisoned thousands of troops that were exposed to this agent. Upon return, post-traumatic stress disorder started to effect soldiers. PTSD is defined as â€Å"A psychological disorder affecting individuals who have experienced or witnessed profoundly traumatic events, such as torture, murder, rape, or wartime combat, characterized by recurrent flashbacks of the traumatic event, nightmares, irritability, anxiety, fatigue, forgetfulness, and social withdrawal. By definition, a soldier that was sent off to Vietnam suffered from all these experiences. Today, 161,000 soldiers are continuing to receive compensation for their post traumatic stress syndromes. Roughly 37 percent of soldiers from Vietnam are estimated to be suffering from ptsd. An astounding amount of suffrage is being pushed on to the soldiers when it was not even their battle in the beginning.